Relationship between the separation particle form and organic solvent in view of solvent diffusion in liquid-liquid interfacial crystallization
Yuto Deki, Atsuko Shimosaka and Yoshiyuki Shirakawa :
Dep. Chem. Eng. & Mater. Sci., Doshisha University
To achieve control of the particle morphology by an organic solvent in liquid-liquid interfacial crystallization, the influence of solvent diffusion on particle morphology has been investigated. First, diffusion velocity of the solvent by the pendant drop method was estimated. Next, the concentration gradient of water at near the interface by using diffusion equation of Fick was calculated. As results, the concentration gradient is greatly dependent on mutual solubility, and a tendency accorded with the real crystal morphology.
Crystal growth rate and prediction of particle shape for glycine in phase-field model
Chem. Eng.& Mate.l Sci., Doshisha University, Miyakodani 1-3, Tatara, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
Crystal growth simulations on Phase-field model were performed for glycine as a model material which had the simplest structure in amino acids. An effect of operating conditions on morphology changes of anisotropic crystal particle was performed by a modeling anisotropy. By changing pH of solution, the morphology changes of γ-form were expressed. Quantitative evaluation of the crystal growth was possible by introducing calculation of crystal length. The relationship between crystal growth rate and supersaturation was illustrated in the case of constant and non-constant supersaturation.
Dehydrogenation kinetics of CeCl3-doped sodium alanate powder-pellets measured by simultaneous FTIR-ATR-spectroscopy and gravimetry
RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Department of Engineering, Am Brueckweg 26, D-65428 Ruesselsheim, Germany
We utilized in-situ FTIR-ATR-spectroscopy and gravimetry in parallel to determine the dehydrogenation reaction kinetics of 2 mol% CeCl3-doped NaAlH4. For achieving an optimum contact between the powder and the ATR element, we used powder pellets. A special sample chamber for ATR spectroscopic measurements, combined with a high precision balance were used to follow the optical and gravimetrical changes. We present Johnson-Mehl-Avrami and Arrhenius fits for the rate constants of the dehydrogenation and the activation energy of the NaAlH4-Na3AlH6 phase change.
Numerical simulation of flow through a twilled Dutch weave mesh
Kansai Wire Netting Co., Ltd.
To determine the effect of the aperture structure of a twilled Dutch weave mesh on the flow resistivity, we first proposed a calculation model for estimating the aperture size of the twilled Dutch weave mesh to thoroughly understand the aperture structure. Next, we performed numerical simulations using a combination of the lattice Boltzmann and immersed boundary methods, and an equation for estimating the pressure drop across the twilled Dutch weave mesh was derived.
Flow Synthesis of Plasmonic Nanoshells using a Microreactor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University
We developed a novel flow process using a microreactor to synthesize silica@gold core shell particles. In this process, we first mixed a surface-modified silica particle suspension containing Au ions with a strong reducing agent in the microreactor to in-situ reduce Au ions on core silica surfaces, which produced core-shell clusters (CSCs), in which core silica particles are uniformly decorated with Au nanoparticles. We then mixed CSCs containing Au ions with a mild reducing agent to grow gold nanoparticles on the core silica particles into a continuous shell. This process is applicable to Pt ions to produce silica@Pt core shell particles. High mixing performance of the microreacotr successfully realized a flow continuous process of plasmonic nanoshell particle synthesis.
SEPARATION OF NANO PARTICLES USING BOKELA's DYNO FILTER:The dynamic Cross Flow Filtration - the solution for a highly topical challenge
BOKELA GmbH
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Mechanism of Mutual Incorporation of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Isomorphic Amino Acids in Batch Crystallization
Fermentation & Biotechnology Laboratories, Isolation & Purification Technology Laboratory, Ajinomoto Co. Inc.,
We explored the mutual incorporation tendency of branched chain amino acids (L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine ) and isomorphic amino acids in cooling crystallization conducted in water. In most cases, a guest amino acid (an impurity amino acid) whose side chain is longer than that of a host amino acid (a purified amino acid) was incorporated easily in a host amino acid. In this case, a solid solution was formed, and the c-axis of a host crystal structure was extended. Also, the crystal growth was inhibited. From these results, a mutual incorporation model was proposed.
An Advanced Electronic Taste-sensor Technique for the Bitterness of Orally Disintegrating Film: Evaluation of Pullulan Films Loaded with Donepezil Hydrocholoride
Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
Orally disintegrating films (ODFs) have been developed for helping the geriatric and pediatric patient in drug administration. In this study, an advanced electronic taste-sensor technique for evaluating the bitterness of ODFs is proposed. Pullulan films loaded with donepezil hydrochloride (DH) were prepared using the solution/solvent casting method with the Baker Applicator. The taste analyses were performed by the Taste-Sensing System SA 402B (Intelligent Sensor Technology), using a BT0 sensor. On the basis of taste sensor output profiles, the bitterness of films in various formulations could be verified. The changes in sensor output and the length of lag-time were well varied according to film formulations, such as the amount of APIs and the types of film former.
Continuous kneading process for Lithium-ion Battery Electrode
Slurries using Twin Screw Kneader, KRC Kneader
KURIMOTO,LTD.
We have developed the continuous process for producing excellent dispersed battery slurry with using our continuous kneader, KRC Kneader. In this study, Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2(NMC) or LiFePO4(LFP) is used as a cathode active material for the electrode, and the slurries were prepared by the continuous process. Several elements of conditions have beneficial effect on slurry viscosity and battery performance in each case. As the results, we could get the suitable slurries for LIB by means of optimizing the kneading conditions. Both the rate characteristics and the cyclic performance showed as well or better property compared to the conventional process.
Development of High Efficiency Salt Production Method in Evaporative Crystallization with Modulated Operation for Desalination Process
Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo, Japan
Salt production process has attracted attention from the viewpoint of processing byproducts in seawater desalination. In this process, evaporative crystallizer must be operated at a low cost with high efficiency. In order to enhance productivity, micro-crystals may improve the growth rate, but excess micro-crystals deterriorates size distribution. The purpose of this study is to develop the salt production method that can promote the productivity. The micro-crystals were generated by addition of anti-solvent. It became clear that the operating condition which growth rate enhancement and a crystal-size distribution improvement can realize simultaneously exists. Proposed modulated operation such as anti-solvent intermittent injection improves size distribution.
Low Temperature Drying Technology by Vacuum Drum Dryer
Katsuragi Industry Co., Ltd.
Drum dryers are used in various industrial fields as a drying machine which separates dry matter from feed solution by evaporating solvent. Vacuum drum dryer is good for drying foods including heat sensitive material like protein or removing solvent from low-softening-point resin solution. Though vacuum freeze dryer or spray dryer is generally used for this kind of drying process, vacuum drum dryer is more cost effective in terms of facility cost and running cost. This article shows some actual operating conditions of vacuum drum dryer.
Surface interaction control and characterization of microcapsule and biological molecules for pharmaceutical application
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
Motoyuki Iijima :
Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501 Japan
Hideki Ichikawa, Yoshinobu Fukumori :
Kobe Gakuin University, Japan
Hirofumi Takeuchi :
Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan
For the development of drug delivery systems using particulate matters and microcapsules, the surface interaction between such materials and biological molecule was controlled by surface molecular and nanometer scaled structure design. The interactions between pharmaceutical particulate material and biological molecules such as mucin layers were successfully measured by using colloid probe atomic force microscopy (AFM). Based on the measurement result, our group and co-workers designed surface molecular and nanometer scaled structure to control surface interaction. One example is novel thermo- and pH-sensitive nanogel particle, which is a core-shell structured particle as a vehicle for the controlled release of peptide drugs. Another example is chitosan-coated liposomes, which have been designed for same purposes. By using carbon nano-tube (CNT) attached probe, micro adhesion behavior was quantitatively assessed with coated mucin layer.
Photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared from dye wastewater treated sludge by using TiCl4
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
Motoyuki Iijima :
Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501 Japan
For industrial wastewater treatment, the adsorption and precipitation methods of organic pollutants in wastewater by flocculants, such as Al2SO4, FeCl3 etc., have been used extensively. However, precipitated sludge produced in this process are generally incinerated or dumped in disposal facilities. In order to prepare high performance photocatalytic TiO2 nanoparticles from generated TiCl4 sludge after real dye wastewater treatment, TiCl4 aqueous solution was added into real dye house effluent after pH control by H2SO4 solution. TiO2 anatase nanoparticles were obtained by heat treatment at ranging from 973 to 1073 K, and the maximum specific surface area was 53.6 m2/g. The photocatalytic activity of prepared TiO2 nanoparticles from sludge was almost equivalent to that of commercial photo catalyst, P25.
Effect of surface modification of silica particles on the interaction forces and dipsersibility in suspension
Research Center, Lintec Co.,Ltd, 5-14-42 Nishikicho, Warabi-shi, Saitama 335-0005
Yohei Okada, Hidehiro Kamiya :
Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
The performance of functional polymer composite materials with uniform dispersion of inorganic or organic fine particles significantly depends on the dispersion conditions of particles in composite. Surface modification for interaction control among particles using silane coupling agents has proven to be effective for modulating the dispersion conditions in different solution or polymer. For qualitative analysis of particles dispersion/aggregation property, colloidal probe AFM method is promising to estimate the dispersibility in terms of repulsive or attractive forces between the particles. The effect of surface modifications of silica using silane coupling agents with different molecular structure and amount on dispersion behavior was assessed from the viewpoint of interaction forces by using colloidal probe AFM method, and discussed the relationship between surface interaction and dispersion behavior of fine particles in different solvents.
Design of poorly-water soluble drug nanocrystals by spherical crystallization method with Microfluidizer®
Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100, Kusumoto, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650 Japan
To improve the water solubility of drugs, nanocrystallization is one of relevant solution. We have key technology that is the emulsion solvent diffusion method for preparation of nanocrystal. Our study is microfluidizer® which is high shear fluid processors, was applied to the emulsion solvent diffusion method to establish the efficiently nanocrystal preparation process. Nanocrystals could be obtained by break down method (wet-milling) and build-up method (emulsion solvent diffusion method). By fusion of technologies microfluidizer and emulsion solvent diffusion method, it is possible to prepare nanocrystals more efficiently.
